Good of you to be thinking that way. If you didn't hook its tongue, gills or eye, your fish should be fine. But it's time to be doing all we can to be on the safe side.
Personally I get more satisfaction from landing a fish on a barbless hook (more of a challenge). Even if I hook and fight one for a bit, then lose it, I consider that a good day.
I think that's the appeal in fly fishing for steelhead, too -- the satisfaction level is multiplied greatly, considering how difficult it is.
There's also the argument that barbless hooks penetrate better on the bite.