fishNphysician

In your comments, above, you stated:

" It seems any "natural" spawning by hatchery fish yields exceedingly few returning adults."

I don't doubt the fact of this statement, but is there a resource which shows the methodology by which they gathered this data?

Seems to me if they had a "managed/natural" spawn then it really wouldn't be all that natural. Also, since the returning adults from this "natural" spawn of hatchery fish would not be clipped or otherwise marked...how did they know whose kid was whose?

Again, not doubting your data, but any direction towards empirical studies would be helpful.

Mike