C&R is not 100% survival. Some die. Regardless of the % used, the tribal half died and some fraction of the rec half died. If survival was better than 90% then some of the fish thought to be dead did make it to the redds. And, if the Tribes figured out the number was lower they would go after the live fish.

Finally, the part we don't know about steelhead but do know about Atlantic Salmon is that released females produce fewer smolts than fish not C&R'd. If the is true for steelies, the a C&R fishery requires a higher EG to reduce the same number of smolts as a kill fishery.

Note that BC went to C&R, without many of the net fisheries, and steelhead did not respond.