"The two studies can actually be complementary and not in conflict. The was a problem when the Summers were passed. When they were stopped being passed, the problem went away. The system, any system, has a capacity for smolt production. The summers displaced some winters."

Carcassman -- actually, this is not what the Courter study concluded at all. Here's a link to it. https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tafs.10140. The Courter study found that hatchery summer steelhead planted in the upper Clackamas above the dams did not have a negative effect on wild winter steelhead productivity above the dams. I'm not qualified to evaluate the methods used to reach this conclusion, but that's what the study says. The Courter study also says its results and conclusions contradict those reported in the Kostow study, so I don't see the two studies as reaching complementary conclusions as you suggest.