There is an additional issue with how O. mykiss are managed in freshwater. When the escapement goals were developed there was the assumption that the very vast majority of juvenile mykiss in the anadromous zone were steelhead. Since then, we know that resident and anadromous are the same fish and that the decision to smolt has a huge ecosystem (temperature, flow, productivity) components. So, as FW conditions change in favor of residents we can have streams full of mykiss juveniles and not have very many anadromous adults.

There is lots of research and monitoring (do we even have revert juvenile standing stock data?) necessary to properly manage mykiss.